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In a man-overboard situation, the first priority is the safety of the person who has fallen into the water. The most effective initial response involves three key actions: throwing a life ring, signaling for help, and executing a recovery maneuver.

Throwing a life ring is crucial as it provides immediate flotation assistance to the person overboard, helping them stay buoyant while you coordinate the rescue. Signaling for help ensures that any nearby vessels or personnel are aware of the emergency and can assist if necessary. Finally, executing a recovery maneuver, such as performing a circle around the person or using a man-overboard flag, allows you to navigate safely back to the individual.

This structured approach helps maintain a focus on both the rescue and the safety of everyone on board the vessel. The other options might not address the immediate and effective response required in such situations. Jumping overboard, for instance, could endanger the rescuer's life and complicate the rescue operation. Changing course to return to port may delay help and create additional hazards. Sending a distress signal without taking immediate action towards recovery may also lead to unnecessary loss of time and increased risk for the individual in the water.